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Vol.43 No.7 contents | Japanese/English |
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Mass Screening for Lung Cancer by Sputum Cytology
Takeshi Horai1,2, Tomio Nakayama1,3, Yoko Kusunoki1,3, Takaichiro Suzuki1,41Osaka Lung Project, 2Dept. of Resiratory Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese foundation of Cancer Research, Dept of 3Cancer Control and Statistics, 4Research Institute, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Japan
Objective. The effectiveness of sputum cytology screening for detection of lung cancer in Osaka Lung Project was studied. Methods. Participants who were 40 years of age or older and with a cigarette index of 400 or more were screened annually by both sputum cytology and chest X-ray for the early detection of lung cancer in 8 local communities in Osaka since 1981. Results. In the Osaka Lung Project, during the 20 year period from 1981-2000, 235 cases of lung cancer were detected among 297,628 participants. Lung cancers were detected in 130 high-risk persons. Of the l30 cases, 64 cases were squamous cell carcinoma. Thirty-six of these 64 persons were central-type squamous cell carcinoma. Out of the 36 cases 34 were detected by sputum cytology. The detection rate of central-type squamous cell carcinoma by sputum cytology for recent 5 years since 1996 decreased to about a half of the previous 15 years. Conclusion. Sputum cytology is the most effective method for detection of central type early lung cancer in high-risk group. To improve the detection rate of lung cancer by sputum cytology, it is important to screen the high risk group of over 50 years old men and to control the quality of sputum cytology.
key words: Sputum cytology, Early lung cancer detection, Mass screening, Quality contorl
JJLC 43 (7): 993-997, 2003
