The Japanese journal of neuropsychology

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ArticleTitle	Cognitive and behavioral disorders with prefrontal lobe dysfunction
Language	J
AuthorList	Motoichiro Kato
Affiliation	Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine
Publication	Japanese Journal of Neuropsychology: 24 (2), 96-108, 2008
Received
Accepted
Abstract	We observe different neurocognitive deficits along with prefrontal lobe damages in human. The prefrontal symptoms in intentional actions could be classified into the eight domains including 1) automatic, reflexive and environment-dependent behavior due to loss of goal representation, 2) repetitive and perseverative responses in rapid learning, 3) risky behaviors and emotional dysregulatin of behavior, specifically after the orbitofrontal lesions, 4) cognitive deficits due to the disorder of working memory and decreased maintenance ability of multiple goals, 5) prefrontal long-term memory disorder and prospective memory deficits, 6) planning disorder, 7) impairments of divergent thinking and fluid intelligence, 8) apathy and amotivational syndrome. For the clinical and neuropsychological interventions in prefrontal damaged patients, it is crucial to examine and comprehensively understand the different aspects of the frontal lobe dysfunction.
Keywords	prefrontal lobes, intentional action, automatic action, memory, planning