The Japanese journal of neuropsychology

Full Text of this Article
in Japanese PDF (1027K)

ArticleTitle	Cognitive attitude, linguistic structure, and strategy for treating aphasia in Japanese: Influence of real (res) / virtual (virtus) dualism
Language	J
AuthorList	Tomoyuki Kojima¹⁾²⁾
Affiliation	¹⁾Graduate School of Human and Social Sciences, Musashino University ²⁾Ichikawa Consultancy for Higher Brain Dysfunction
Publication	Japanese Journal of Neuropsychology: 32 (2), 155-164, 2016
Received
Accepted
Abstract	In modern philosophy, after Descartes postulated the existence of two kinds of reality, i.e., the res cogitans (mind) and res extensa (object), the mind/body dichotomy has remained a celebrated aporia. In the present paper, issues related to this dichotomy are discussed in terms of real (res) / virtual (virtus) dualism. Positivism, the main current of thought in the mid-nineteenth century when Broca and Wernicke played an active part in the field of aphasiology, was also based on the framework of real (res) / virtual (virtus) dualism. Phenomenology is the term proposed by Husserl based on the ideas of Mach, according to which only direct experience is the undoubtable real, and is one paradigm used to overcome the issue of real (res) / virtual (virtus) dualism. Interestingly, the phenomenological approach coincides with the cognitive mindset of the Japanese based on their linguistic structure, in which a phenomenon is seen as something that emerges naturally, rather than something that is created by someone. From this perspective, we will attempt to address the theories underlying the therapeutic strategy for achieving production of sentences by Japanese patients with aphasia.
Keywords	real (res), virtual (virtus), mind-body problem, phenomenology, aphasia therapy in Japanese