The Japanese journal of neuropsychology

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ArticleTitle	The mysteries of motor performance disorders
Language	J
AuthorList	Yuko Hayakawa
Affiliation	Yokohama Brain and Spine Center
Publication	Japanese Journal of Neuropsychology: 35 (2), 88-96, 2019
Received
Accepted
Abstract	This paper presents four cases in order to discuss the mysteries of motor performance disorders: a person with apraxia of single tool use who can perform sequential use of tools; a person who can not grasp tools correctly; a person with grasp reflex who became able to use his left hand after approximately one year of rehabilitation; and a person with progressive supranuclear palsy and inability to ring Buddhist singing bowls. These cases demonstrate that motor performance disorders are extremely difficult to understand. To be able to do so, it is necessary to take into account not only disabilities but also abilities to perform movements, build a hypothesis in order to explain these disorders, and follow their course to ascertain their mechanisms. In the existing literature, it is suggested that the first step of establishing an effective relationship between patients with higher brain dysfunctions and clinicians is to reveal the mechanisms of the dysfunctions. However, the mechanism of motor performance disorders is complex and under-researched, therefore, revealing it is often difficult for the clinician when determining the appropriate treatment. This paper argues that elucidating the mysteries of motor performance disorders may facilitate the clinician in deciding what course to take when such patients are encountered.
Keywords	motor performance disorder, apraxia, tool use, grasping, grasp reflex